|
|
Factors influencing the quality of red wine
Zechmeisterová, Lucie ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on monitoring of microorganisms in the sample of red grape juice and on the interactions between yeasts, bacteria and filamentous fungi. Three different media were applied for the cultivation of microorganisms; firstly for monitoring of total volume of microorganisms, secondly for yeasts and third time for lactic acid bacteria. The indirect method was used for the determination of the amount of viable cells. This method consists in enumerating of visible macroscopic colonies grown up on agar plates. When the cells grew up, the forms of colonies were analyzed visually and the morphology of microorganisms was detected microscopically. The operating time of enzymes in grape juice in the production of red wine was monitored after application of commercial enzymatic preparation. The enzym action in grape juice was observed on the basis of the process of degradation of high – molecular substrate by enzymes through the use of Ubbelohd´s viscometer. The research findings provided a lot of knowledge about the occurance of microflora in the process of production of red wine. The commercial preparations added to grape juice played a significant role.
|
|
|
The effect of pesticides on the grapevine microflora
Damborský, Pavel ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis of theoretical character contains information about an effect of pesticides on grapevine microflora. At the beginning there is a description of general pesticides characteristic, their classification, toxicity and a brief overview. Further it describes illnesses and pests that often attack grapevine. The next chapter deals with grapevine microflora. It defines morphology, taxonomy and reproduction of microorganisms most often occur on grapevine and during technological processing of wine. The last chapter is focused on effect of pesticides on microorganisms during alcoholic and malolactic fermentation.
|
|
|
Hodnocení jakostních parametrů kozích jogurtů v závislosti na vstupní surovině
Němcová, Vendula
The aim of the work was to evaluate the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of organic goat yoghurts and milk, which was used for their production. The results were evaluated depending on the season and storage time of yoghurts. Sampling took place during spring, summer, autumn and winter. The sampling schedule during storage was chosen according to the shelf life given by the producer with the possibility of extending the shelf life of the product. The evaluated parameters included dry matter, fat, protein and lactose content, titratable and active acidity and microbiological analysis (total number of microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria, psychrotrophic microorganisms, coliform bacteria, enterococci and micromycetes). Goat's milk and, depending on it, yoghurts were subject to seasonal changes in composition with a higher dry matter content in winter and lower in summer. These differences were also reflected in the different titratable acidity and the total number of microorganisms. No coliform bacteria were present in the yoghurts. Enterococci, psychrotrophs and micromycetes (mostly yeasts) have been reported. Between the 3rd and 13th day of storage the number of psychrotrophs and micromycetes increased significantly. For yeasts and molds, another significant increase followed between the 18th and 24th day of storage. Only slight post-acidification was observed during yoghurt’s storage.
|
|
|
Bacterial components in experimental intestinal inflammation prevention and therapy
Kverka, Miloslav ; Tlaskalová - Hogenová, Helena (advisor) ; Šedivá, Anna (referee) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee)
Although strong protective immune response is essential for preventing invasion by pathogens, equivalent responses against antigens originating from commensal bacteria can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Manipulating the mucosal immune responses with microbial antigens might be an excellent tool to IBD therapy or prevention. Our aim was to gain some insight into the regulation of the intestinal inflammation and to isolate bacterial immunomodulatory components that could be used in intestinal inflammation therapy and prevention. One particular mechanism of how healthy colon tissue regulates the inflammation during acute experimental colitis is through modulation of bioavailability of glucocorticoids (GCs) in gut mucosa. Here, we show that intestinal inflammation changes the local GC metabolism, which ultimately leads to decrease in inflammatory readiness of cells in the gut mucosa and in mesenteric lymph nodes. This pre-receptor regulation of GC function could represent an important homeostatic function of the gut mucosa. The actual triggers of intestinal inflammation in IBD seem to be either microbial dysbiosis or microbes with special "pathogenic" abilities, which both could be rectified by feeding with probiotics. Here, we report that oral feeding with live...
|
|
|
Mechanisms of human body odour production
Hrubová, Noemi ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Stopková, Romana (referee)
The sterile secret of skin glands is not immediately odoriferous. The characteristic body odour is released after microorganism transformation of the secreted compounds. The aim of the work is to elucidate the mechanisms of the body odour production. The major contributor to the body odour are volatile fatty acids hydrolysed from glutamine precursors, structurally unusual long- chain fatty acids or lipids. Another component are sulphur compounds, mainly secreted as the Cys-Gly-(S) conjugates, and steroid substances. The genus Corynebacterium is associated with these transformations and intense body odour. The composition of the resident microflora varies depending on age and gender. Axillary odour with large apocrine secretion has probably biggest importance for human chemical communication. Apocrine glands secretion starts during puberty and decreases in postmenopausal women. There are quantitative differences between gender composition of sweat. In the Asian population is more common the recessive homozygosity of the ABCC11 gene which is associated with lower body odour intensity. Also MHC proteins effect body odour and they seem to play a role in mate choice. To some extent, the environmental factors such as diet or emotions influence body odour. Knowledge of mechanisms behind body odour...
|
|
|
The study of bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous early delivery.
Pasdiorová, Markéta ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Vrbacký, Filip (referee)
1. ABSTRACT Bc. Markéta Pasdiorová The study of bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous early delivery Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Healthcare Bioanalytics - Specialist in Laboratory Methods Backround: Premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes have been associated with maternal genital tract infections or with altered vaginal microflora during pregnancy. This work discuses knowledge about vaginal microbiome, premature delivery and analysis options of vaginal microbiome using next-generation sequencing. The aim of the work was to evaluate the composition of the bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous preterm delivery and compared with each other of vaginal and cervical samples. Methods: The study group consisted of 7 patients with diagnosed spontaneous preterm delivery. Samples were obtained on the basis of cooperation with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of University Hospital Hradec Králové. The evaluation of the vaginal microbiome was performed by pyrosequencing method using Genome Sequencer FLX+. Results: We have observed all typical patterns of the vaginal microflora in the samples tested. The most frequent species were Lactobacillus crispatus/casei and L. iners, which belong to the four most dominant...
|
|
|
Bacterial components in experimental intestinal inflammation prevention and therapy
Kverka, Miloslav ; Tlaskalová - Hogenová, Helena (advisor) ; Šedivá, Anna (referee) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee)
Although strong protective immune response is essential for preventing invasion by pathogens, equivalent responses against antigens originating from commensal bacteria can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Manipulating the mucosal immune responses with microbial antigens might be an excellent tool to IBD therapy or prevention. Our aim was to gain some insight into the regulation of the intestinal inflammation and to isolate bacterial immunomodulatory components that could be used in intestinal inflammation therapy and prevention. One particular mechanism of how healthy colon tissue regulates the inflammation during acute experimental colitis is through modulation of bioavailability of glucocorticoids (GCs) in gut mucosa. Here, we show that intestinal inflammation changes the local GC metabolism, which ultimately leads to decrease in inflammatory readiness of cells in the gut mucosa and in mesenteric lymph nodes. This pre-receptor regulation of GC function could represent an important homeostatic function of the gut mucosa. The actual triggers of intestinal inflammation in IBD seem to be either microbial dysbiosis or microbes with special "pathogenic" abilities, which both could be rectified by feeding with probiotics. Here, we report that oral feeding with live...
|
|
|
Factors influencing the quality of red wine
Zechmeisterová, Lucie ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on monitoring of microorganisms in the sample of red grape juice and on the interactions between yeasts, bacteria and filamentous fungi. Three different media were applied for the cultivation of microorganisms; firstly for monitoring of total volume of microorganisms, secondly for yeasts and third time for lactic acid bacteria. The indirect method was used for the determination of the amount of viable cells. This method consists in enumerating of visible macroscopic colonies grown up on agar plates. When the cells grew up, the forms of colonies were analyzed visually and the morphology of microorganisms was detected microscopically. The operating time of enzymes in grape juice in the production of red wine was monitored after application of commercial enzymatic preparation. The enzym action in grape juice was observed on the basis of the process of degradation of high – molecular substrate by enzymes through the use of Ubbelohd´s viscometer. The research findings provided a lot of knowledge about the occurance of microflora in the process of production of red wine. The commercial preparations added to grape juice played a significant role.
|
|
|
The effect of pesticides on the grapevine microflora
Damborský, Pavel ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis of theoretical character contains information about an effect of pesticides on grapevine microflora. At the beginning there is a description of general pesticides characteristic, their classification, toxicity and a brief overview. Further it describes illnesses and pests that often attack grapevine. The next chapter deals with grapevine microflora. It defines morphology, taxonomy and reproduction of microorganisms most often occur on grapevine and during technological processing of wine. The last chapter is focused on effect of pesticides on microorganisms during alcoholic and malolactic fermentation.
|
|
| |
guest ::
